Farshad Momeni
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 9-19
Abstract
International reports are pointing out that the average youth employment in Iran (15 to 24) is among the lowest levels in the world (%22) and when compared to the world average (%41) it shows a meaningful distance.
In the current essay by using the descriptive-analytic method and by emphasizing on the ...
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International reports are pointing out that the average youth employment in Iran (15 to 24) is among the lowest levels in the world (%22) and when compared to the world average (%41) it shows a meaningful distance.
In the current essay by using the descriptive-analytic method and by emphasizing on the new institutional theoretical framework, it has been shown that the mental construct of “shortsightedness”- the systematic preference of short term affairs to “the long term priorities”- is the main factor in policy orientations and specific resource allocation methods and it turns the opportunities that come along due to Iran’s relatively young population to undesirable threats.
The analytic findings of the current study show that Partial and one dimensional reform cannot offer a solution for situations like this and the national development system needs a paradigm shift and systemic reform of institutional structures in order to improve the national production ability.
In the final section the general outlines of systemic reform for the institutional structure are introduced.
Borzoo Morovat
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 21-41
Abstract
The most fundamental changes in human development occur during the period of adolescence and youth, during which a person has always been searching and searching for his own meaning and nature, and this search and exploration in the environment and community around him and in connection with others can ...
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The most fundamental changes in human development occur during the period of adolescence and youth, during which a person has always been searching and searching for his own meaning and nature, and this search and exploration in the environment and community around him and in connection with others can be. The young person knows that this community-including the family, the clan, the people and the nation- has formed part of its existence and nature, and is socialized and identified through interaction with them.
The present study was conducted in a survey method and a questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population includes young people between 18 and 30 years of age belonging to 6 ethnic groups living in the city of Karaj, and 245 of them were selected using the Cochran formula. The results of the research indicate the similarities and similarities between ethnic and national identities. There is a significant difference between ethnicity and nationality in general ethnic groups. However, it is not indicative that the particular dimension of ethnic and national identity is weak in them. The results show that the variables of cultural capital, mass media and duration of residence in Karaj have a direct and increasing indirect effect on the tendency to dimensions General ethnic and national identity. The range of relationships alone has direct effect, and on the other hand, with the increasing sense of relative deprivation in youth, the tendency towards the general dimensions of ethnic and national identity is undermined. In total, the above 5 variables make up about 29% of the changes in the trend towards the general dimensions of ethnic and national identity among young people.
Sattar Parvin; Esmayil Abbasi Zaghe
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 43-60
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the social factor affecting high-risk behaviors. For this purpose, a theoretical framework based on the ideas of Agniou general pressure, Sutherland Differential affiliation, Hirschi and Gadferson Social inhibition has been used. the statistical population of ...
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The purpose of this study was to examine the social factor affecting high-risk behaviors. For this purpose, a theoretical framework based on the ideas of Agniou general pressure, Sutherland Differential affiliation, Hirschi and Gadferson Social inhibition has been used. the statistical population of this study is all young people aged 15-29 in Sanandaj. A sample of 383 of them was investigated by multi-stage cluster sampling method using the survey method and the results have been analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the hypothesis test and theoretical model of the research are based on Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis and regression analysis there are meaningful relationships between all three independent variables of research, namely, social pressure, association with people with high risk behavior, and social deterrence and high risk behaviors. And these three variables, based on the regression analysis, explain 41% of the variance of the variable of the level of high-risk behaviors.
Seyyd Mohsen Hojatkhah; Soleyman Ahmed Boukani; Saeid Abbasi; Mohammad Rostami
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 61-72
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the role of self-compassion in students’ risky behaviors. This research is a descriptive co-relational study. 273 students (170 females and 103 males) participated in the study by multi stage cluster sampling method and responded to self-compassion questionnaire ...
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The aim of this study is to determine the role of self-compassion in students’ risky behaviors. This research is a descriptive co-relational study. 273 students (170 females and 103 males) participated in the study by multi stage cluster sampling method and responded to self-compassion questionnaire (Neff, 2009) and risk behaviors questionnaire (National College Health Risk Behavior Survey, 2007). Date were analyzed using T Test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis
The results showed that the self-compassion has a significant and negative relation with risky behaviors (p=0.00) and judgment about self (As one of the three dimensions of self-compassion) has the highest regression coefficient in reducing risky behaviors. Generally Components of self-compassion explain 12/7 of the Variance in risk behaviors.
Based on results, we conclude that Consistent with other studies, student’s self-compassion as one of the factors of increasing mental health leads to reducing in risky behaviors, so this can be important to prevent high-risk behaviors.
Yasaman Farshadfar; Ali Baseri; Nowrooz Hashem Zehi
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 73-94
Abstract
The virtual social networks are new generation of social relationship environment. Although they are not old established, they could make space in people’s lives. These networks have some advantages beside their drawbacks in which the most important are undermining the family foundation, emotional ...
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The virtual social networks are new generation of social relationship environment. Although they are not old established, they could make space in people’s lives. These networks have some advantages beside their drawbacks in which the most important are undermining the family foundation, emotional divorce, fainting of spouse cordiality. Considering the importance of virtual social networks & social interactions of spouses, this research is to examine the relationship between virtual social networks and social interactions of spouses as the main objective using field study, survey research, and the questionnaire tool as well as SPSS and Smart PLS software. The population of this study is Tehrani spouses in which 600 were chosen as sample size.
The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between virtual social networks (P= 0.34) and social interactions and its dimensions, that is spouses' commitment (P= -0.726), spouses' satisfaction (-0.565), spouses trust (-0.590), spouses' indifference (P= 0.157), spouses' solidarity (-0.272), spouses' adaptability (-0.571), spouses' democratic relationship (-0.565), strict and tough relationship (0.243) and social compromise between spouses (-0.213). Thus, all hypotheses of the study are confirmed. Also, the results of structural equation (Smart PLS) showed that social network variable totally explains (-0.60) of the variance of social interaction variable. Considering the related values of index the determination coefficient of this value is estimated moderately (0.36).
Samad Rasoulzadeh Aghdam; Hamed Akbarpour
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 95-112
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between adherence to collective values (family, religion, socio-cultural) and the use of mass media (TV, satellite, Internet, virtual social networks) with high-risk behaviors. The method employed in the study was survey research and the ...
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The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between adherence to collective values (family, religion, socio-cultural) and the use of mass media (TV, satellite, Internet, virtual social networks) with high-risk behaviors. The method employed in the study was survey research and the data were collected via a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University during the academic year of 2016-2017 as 7000 individuals. 370 students were selected as participants from the population via the stratified sampling technique. Findings indicate that there is a significant difference of variables of gender, marital status, and socio-economic status with high risk behaviors. There is also a significant correlation of the variables of media consumption and adherence to collective values with high risk behaviors. Generally speaking, independent variables (adherence to family, religious, and socio-cultural values and the degree of use of virtual social networks) in the research regression model could explain 32% of the variations in the students’ high-risk behaviors.
Malihe Sadat Aghaee Shahri; Zhale Memari; Mahsa Saadati
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 113-128
Abstract
Studies show that many researchers are studying on various sectors of the sports industry and suggesting the development of sports as an entertainment industry. Research results show that employment and economic development are the minimum achievements in this area. Accordingly, the purpose of this research ...
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Studies show that many researchers are studying on various sectors of the sports industry and suggesting the development of sports as an entertainment industry. Research results show that employment and economic development are the minimum achievements in this area. Accordingly, the purpose of this research was to identify the relations between the areas of sport industry in Iran which was conducted descriptively-survey. The research samples were based on the variance of society and in relation to the statistical society, 263 persons were identified among the four groups including faculty members, sports experts, coaches, and heroes. The validity of the Researcher made questionnaire(KMO = 0.84 and its reliability (α=0.953) was confirmed (P <0.01). LISREL software for modeling was used. The results showed that 6 exogenous factors and 12 endogenous factors in the model confirmed. On the one hand, the government's indirect influence on the sports economy has prevented the private sector from investing in the production of sports equipment. Also, media failed to succeed in its mission of influencing organizations, events, tourism, production of goods and equipment. However, community and recreational activities are well influenced by cultural activities related to sport, which indicates the relative success of activities in this area. Similarly, marketing in event has a significant effect, and does not have a significant effect on retail sales, which indicates that there is insufficient maturity in this section. Therefore, improving processes in this industry requires attention to the relationships between model factors.
Loghman Keshavarz
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 129-146
Abstract
The research was to design development model of sport for all at the sport federations who work out at the elite sport. Statistical population of this study included all of the faculty members of college that were familiar with sport for all, and managers of sport federations (N=850). On the basis of ...
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The research was to design development model of sport for all at the sport federations who work out at the elite sport. Statistical population of this study included all of the faculty members of college that were familiar with sport for all, and managers of sport federations (N=850). On the basis of Morgan table, 250 persons were randomly selected as research samples. To achieve the research goals, the sport for all made researcher questionnaire with 64 questions was used. Validity of questionnaire was confirmed by 17 experts, and its structural validity was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Its reliability was studied in a pilot study with 30 subjects and calculated as 0.85. For data analysis, the descriptive statistics and inferential statistics methods, including Kolmogorov -Smirnov، t, KMO, Bartlet test, exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation and confirmed factor analysis by application of AMOS software and SPSS software were used. Research findings showed that there are 11 factors such as management, recreational, friends and family, educational, media, volunteer, social and cultural, evaluation, motivational, memorial and values, and festivals for the development model of sport for all at the sport federations. Also, the achievement model is goodness.
Zahra Nateghi; Seyyed Salahodin Naghshbandi; Hossein Pour Soltani
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 147-156
Abstract
The objective of this research is to identify the priorities of effective factors in the development of sport tourism in Iran. Regarding the research objective, the present research is applied. In terms of methodology, it is mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) which the qualitative method was followed ...
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The objective of this research is to identify the priorities of effective factors in the development of sport tourism in Iran. Regarding the research objective, the present research is applied. In terms of methodology, it is mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) which the qualitative method was followed by quantitative method. In qualitative phase, the statistical population included 15 sports management professors and experts. Also, in the quantitative phase, 84 individuals (employees, sport managers, sports tourism experts, university professors) were selected as sample. Due to the limited number of the statistical population, the total population sampling was used. In the qualitative phase, data was collected through semi-structured interviews with sports management professors and experts. After coding, the 14 items structured questionnaire was prepared. The content validity was confirmed and then the questionnaire was distributed among the sample. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.89 through Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In this study, the NVivo10 software was used to analyze the qualitative data obtained from the interview. In the quantitative phase, one-sample t-test was used to analyze the statistical data. Also, Friedman test was used to rank the components, dimensions and indicators. The quantitative analysis was done using SPSS software at a significance level of P≤0.05. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference between the factors of creating internet sites and the introducing local tourism attractions, advertising on television and satellite channels, establishing and introducing tourist tours, and developing the infrastructure in the development of sport tourism. The factor of creating internet sites and introducing local tourist attractions with an average of 5.99 was ranked as the first. Finally, introducing tourist tours with an average of 3.05 was ranked as the last.
Ali Kashi; Mohammad Reza Kordi
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 157-178
Abstract
Today, the abuse of Ergogenic Substances as a social issue has spread not only among athletes, but also among non-athletes. Although several studies evaluated the use of Ergogenic Substances use in various community, but no study has a review and meta-analysis on these studies. In this review and meta-analysis, ...
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Today, the abuse of Ergogenic Substances as a social issue has spread not only among athletes, but also among non-athletes. Although several studies evaluated the use of Ergogenic Substances use in various community, but no study has a review and meta-analysis on these studies. In this review and meta-analysis, 11 studies were eligible for entry into the study and the number 14291 participant in these 11 studies were investigated. From these studies, the 11 investigations conducted research on the men and women and 9 studies only done on women. After collecting and coding data in these 11 research, by using CMA software all data by using both fixed and random model was analyzed.The results of the meta-analysis conducted in this field showed that estimates point of taking Ergogenic Substances based on random model in Iranian male non-athletes population was 12.5% and in Iranian female non-athletes population was 5.3%. The results of this study showed that the use of Ergogenic Substances and doping is an indisputable fact and as a social problem is growing and expanding. The use of Ergogenic Substances from athletic community permeates to non-athletic community and from men to women. So, if the politicians do not pay attention, the damage every day will be more developed in young people of our country.
Mahdi Naderi Nasab
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 179-194
Abstract
The study is to analyze the competitive situation of women's sportswear industry with using Porter's competitive model. The method of the present in terms of aim is applicable and In terms of data collection is descriptive and analytical, because to prove the hypothesis of survey the polls of people ...
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The study is to analyze the competitive situation of women's sportswear industry with using Porter's competitive model. The method of the present in terms of aim is applicable and In terms of data collection is descriptive and analytical, because to prove the hypothesis of survey the polls of people involved were used. The population of this research included all manufacturers of women's sport apparel in the country and research questionnaires were distributed among them (N=203). Validity and reliablility of Questionnaires was proved (α=0.78).The statistical sample was calculated according to Morgan table (n=127). Sampling method the present study was randomized available. The questionnaire that used in this study was researchers made questionnaire which five bargaining power of suppliers, the threat of entry of newcomers, bargaining power of buyers, the threat of entry of substitute products and the competition between the competitors were included in it. Questionnaire items were as a result of interviews with managers and heads of companies producing goods of women's sports. First the descriptive analysis (mean, median, etc.) and of tables and charts, calculations were done, and in inferred section due to normality of two components one-sample t-test and because of not normality in the three components the binomial test was used and Friedman test was used to rank the the factors. And spss software version 22 was used for testing. The results showed that each of the five competitive of factors of porter model(Competition between companies operating existing competitors, bargaining power of suppliers of raw materials, the threat of potential of rival entry) (Threat of New Entrants), The threat of entry substitute products to market, and Bargaining Power of Buyers Products) are the factors that affecting the competitive situation sportswear industry of women and thus their importance is as follow: 1. The competition between the competitors companies operating; 2. The bargaining power of suppliers of raw materials; 3- Threat of entry of substitute products to market; 4- The risk of entry of potential competitors (Threat of New Entrants); 5- Bargaining Power of Buyers Products.
Bahman Tayebi; Amin Dehghan Ghahfarrokhi; Mohammad Hashemi Siavashani
Volume 16, Issue 37 , December 2017, Pages 195-203
Abstract
The study is to explain the variables determining education and empowerment at Sport Boards of Golestan Province. The research is Descriptive- Survey of executive opinion and applied on the basis of objective. The population is all ...
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The study is to explain the variables determining education and empowerment at Sport Boards of Golestan Province. The research is Descriptive- Survey of executive opinion and applied on the basis of objective. The population is all employees of the Sport Boards of Golestan Province (President, vice president, secretaries, treasurers, office officials). The sample is considered equivalent to the population. Data collection was conducted through standard questionnaires of education and empowerment that was set based on the Five-item Likert scale. To determine the validity, the content and face validity were used. To determine the reliability, the cronbach’s alpha calculated as per the education and empowerment and a total more than %70. To analyze the data, the one sample T-Test and confirmatory factor analysis techniques were used. The results showed that education and empowerment are relatively favorable conditions and their score is above average. Also, in-service training is the most effective staff training among the explanatory variables. The most effective empowerment in Sports Boards at Golestan province is that Employees feel they deserve workplace.
