GHasem Ja‘fari; Sayed Ehsan Amir Hosseini; Hamid Ghasemi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to design an Iranian futsal development model with ISM approach. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method, which was performed as a mixture of qualitative and quantitative. Sampling in the qualitative section was based on a specialized ...
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The purpose of this study was to design an Iranian futsal development model with ISM approach. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method, which was performed as a mixture of qualitative and quantitative. Sampling in the qualitative section was based on a specialized and purposeful panel and was equal to 18 people. The statistical population in the quantitative part, including the managers of the Futsal Committee of the Football Federation and the clubs of the Premier League and the first division of Iranian futsal, was equal to 132 people, which due to the limited membership, the population was equal to the sample. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and a form of structural self-interaction. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 10 professors of sports management at the university and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test (α = 0.90). ISM and MICMAC were used to model the factors. Findings showed that 30 factors in the areas of environment and equipment, human resources, financial, structural factors, career path, interactions, attitudes and support and executive processes affect the development of Iranian futsal. These factors were structured in five levels, with environmental and equipment factors, human, financial and economic resources at the lowest level of the model. It can be said that standardization and increase of futsal halls, development and productivity of futsal human resources and privatization of clubs will facilitate the development of futsal.
javad Mostafaei; farzam farzan; Akbar Aliverdinia
Abstract
Sport elites’ migration can be considered as a social phenomenon that has grown significantly in recent decades. The aim of this study was to identify the effective factors in this field in order to design a model with a qualitative approach of meta-study type and from a meta-synthesis path. Research ...
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Sport elites’ migration can be considered as a social phenomenon that has grown significantly in recent decades. The aim of this study was to identify the effective factors in this field in order to design a model with a qualitative approach of meta-study type and from a meta-synthesis path. Research community included scientific documents published in valid domestic and foreign databases in the period of 1380 to 1400 (2001 to 2022 AD) with 251 documents. Finally, a sample of 19 documents was selected according to the admission requirements. The findings of selected studies in this field were systematically reviewed and also constituent components and themes were identified and classified by content analysis method. The validity of the research results was confirmed using the Caps form and with the opinion of experts, and the reliability of data was confirmed using the Kappa Cohen index (0/626). Study findings showed the identification of 155 initial indicators that were classified into 27 sub concepts, 17 main concepts and two general dimentions, thrust factors (internal) and traction factors (external). These results can be the basis for the decisions of managers and planners in order to retain the sport elites in country.
Hossein Ziari; bagher morsal; ali Fahimi Nezhad; Seyed Mostafa Tayebisani
Abstract
This research has been conducted to identify the factors affecting the level of awareness of citizenrights. The statistical population of the research is Zanjan University students. The sample size was 327 by referring to the Morgan table. The research is a descriptive-analytic study which was performed ...
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This research has been conducted to identify the factors affecting the level of awareness of citizenrights. The statistical population of the research is Zanjan University students. The sample size was 327 by referring to the Morgan table. The research is a descriptive-analytic study which was performed by scrolling method and by questionnaire tool. The basis of awareness of citizenrights is the level of knowledge of individuals about civil, political, social, cultural and gender rights, which was received by 21 questions. The construct validity of the questionnaire was tested by factor analysis technique and instrument reliability in two preliminary and final examinations, which showed that the validity and reliability of the questionnaire were valid. The sampling method is a class size proportional to volume and the respondents were selected by simple random sampling. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, multiple regression, F test, and Kendal rankings. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 software. The findings of the research showed that the respondents' awareness of citizenrights in all components is more than average. Also, all independent variables of research on the use of mass media (0.291), public presence (0.33), social-economic base (2.59 F), and attitude toward citizen (0.68) have a significant relation with the level of awareness of citizenrights. . One of the best ways for people to be aware of the rights and duties of citizen the religious arena, and it is suggested that the attitude to the rights of citizens be converted into a religious view.
Sajad Alipor; Keyvan Shabani Moghadam; Esmaeil Sharifian; Mohamad Nikravan
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the consequences of privatization in sports in the country. The method of research is qualitative and exploratory analysis, which is done by the method of theme analysis. In order to collect information, in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 19 experts and ...
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This study was conducted to identify the consequences of privatization in sports in the country. The method of research is qualitative and exploratory analysis, which is done by the method of theme analysis. In order to collect information, in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 19 experts and specialists in the field of sports, people with university education (faculty members) and people with managerial experience in sports organizations and institutions, coaches and sports elites were used. Data analysis in the coding process with the help of MAXQDA software led to the identification of 30 categories in the form of two central codes of positive and negative consequences of sports privatization. Interpretation and analysis of research findings showed that the negative consequences of privatization at the level of sports in the country are more than the positive consequences and there are the widest negative consequences of privatization at the managerial and club level.
AboAlhassan Sameri Nadafi; Mohamad Ali Nodehi; Zaynalabedin Falah; Taher Behlekeh
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to provide a model for empowering young sports club managers in the field of conflict management. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of approach and the theme analysis has been used. To conduct the field interview, the research participants ...
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The purpose of this study is to provide a model for empowering young sports club managers in the field of conflict management. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of approach and the theme analysis has been used. To conduct the field interview, the research participants included selected professors familiar with managerial empowerment and conflict management, and some selected sports club managers (24 people). The sampling method was purposeful. Data were analyzed using continuous comparison method using MaxiCode Pro software. The results of content analysis showed that 3 comprehensive themes of individual, organizational and macro factors, 7 organizing themes (personality traits, communication, demographic characteristics, trustees, and management, cultural and educational) and 26 basic themes as There are factors affecting the empowerment of young sports club managers in the field of conflict management. Also, by examining the frequencies of each of the organizing themes, it was found that the organizing theme of personality traits is more frequent than the other themes. Also, among the pervasive themes, the theme of individual factors is more frequent.
Ainaz Arekhy; mohammadreza moeinfard; Parvin Shooshinasabshooshinasab; Ali Benesbordibenesbordi
Abstract
The main goal of the current research was to investigate the effects of globalization in the development of different aspects of Iranian sports. The method of this research is descriptive-survey. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire that was used after validating it (alpha = 0.952). The ...
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The main goal of the current research was to investigate the effects of globalization in the development of different aspects of Iranian sports. The method of this research is descriptive-survey. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire that was used after validating it (alpha = 0.952). The statistical population of this research was made up of faculty members, doctoral students in sports management, and experts who had a research background on globalization. Targeted and snowball face sampling was done and the statistical sample size of the research was equal to 105 people. Mean, standard deviation and TOPSIS test were used to investigate the effects of globalization on sports. The results of the research showed that the expansion of sports marketing and the attraction of international sports sponsors, the improvement of experience, science and the level of technical skills of athletes, coaches and judges of the country, the development of social communication, the promotion of experience, science and the level of technical skills of athletes and coaches and judges of the country, the development of international understanding and respect for other cultures and the modification of the energy consumption pattern and the expansion of the culture of using renewable and clean energies have an impact on the globalization of sports. The process of globalization in the sports sector is the wisest method for the interests of the country. Therefore, specialists and agents in this field in the country should take solid steps to develop sports by identifying opportunities.
Ali Asghar Esmaelzadeh; mehdi soltani
Abstract
Objective: Family and of course marriage are considered and studied as one of the most important characteristics of modern demographics and one of the most serious profound changes in the contemporary family. The present study was conducted with the aim of understanding the attitude of young people towards ...
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Objective: Family and of course marriage are considered and studied as one of the most important characteristics of modern demographics and one of the most serious profound changes in the contemporary family. The present study was conducted with the aim of understanding the attitude of young people towards marriage. Methodology: The research is applied in terms of its purpose; in terms of data collection method, it was a survey and descriptive method. The research sample consisted of 200 young people living in Karaj city. Results: The average of the attitude towards marriage construct was obtained in the range of a minimum score of 23 and a maximum score of 45, equivalent to 33.23. This level of attitude is theoretically slightly lower. Married and employed men had a more positive attitude towards marriage. Inferential results aimed at estimating predictors of attitude from multivariate regression and by comparing the standard regression coefficients (Beta) of the variables of age (0.449), being the head of household (-0.31), monthly income (.278), residential home status (0.266) and level of education (-0.20) had the greatest impact in predicting the structure of attitude towards marriage. Discussion and conclusion: The reasons for positive attitudes towards divorce and negative attitudes towards marriage can perhaps be explained through theories of modernism (William Goode), fundamental changes (Giddens) and family value developments. However, for a more precise explanation, we need inferential studies and of course with samples of more than a thousand people in Alborz province.
Hossein Paknejad; Mohammad Narimani; Seyfullah aghajani; Akbar Atadokht
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between academic motivation, evaluation of the educational system, self-efficacy, the experience of individuals who have taken the university entrance exam (Konkoor), unemployment among graduates, and the intention to migrate among students and university ...
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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between academic motivation, evaluation of the educational system, self-efficacy, the experience of individuals who have taken the university entrance exam (Konkoor), unemployment among graduates, and the intention to migrate among students and university entrance exam candidates.Method: The research is descriptive-correlational in nature. The statistical population included 12th-grade students and candidates who had taken the Konkoor exam at least once. Sampling was conducted using the convenience method, with a sample size of 300 individuals. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through expert opinions and exploratory factor analysis, and its reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (ranging from 0.81 to 0.89).Findings: The results indicated a strong positive relationship between academic motivation and the evaluation of the educational system (r = 0.85). Additionally, unemployment among graduates had the most significant impact on the intention to migrate (r = -0.60). The experience of Konkoor candidates and the evaluation of the educational system also showed a positive and significant effect on the intention to migrate (r = 0.35 and r = 0.25, respectively). Linear regression results revealed that unemployment among graduates (β = 0.55) and the experience of Konkoor candidates (β = 0.30) had the most substantial impact on the intention to migrate.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that improving the educational system, reducing the pressure of the Konkoor exam, and creating job opportunities are essential for reducing the intention to migrate and increasing academic motivation. It is suggested that policymakers address the concerns of the younger generation by reforming the educational system, Creating small income-generating workshops along with vocational training in schools and universities and providing suitable job opportunities
ali fallahi; Jafar Hezarjaribi; behnam shahidi
Abstract
This research has been conducted to identify the factors affecting the level of awareness of citizenrights. The statistical population of the research is Zanjan University students. The sample size was 327 by referring to the Morgan table. The research is a descriptive-analytic study which was performed ...
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This research has been conducted to identify the factors affecting the level of awareness of citizenrights. The statistical population of the research is Zanjan University students. The sample size was 327 by referring to the Morgan table. The research is a descriptive-analytic study which was performed by scrolling method and by questionnaire tool. The basis of awareness of citizenrights is the level of knowledge of individuals about civil, political, social, cultural and gender rights, which was received by 21 questions. The construct validity of the questionnaire was tested by factor analysis technique and instrument reliability in two preliminary and final examinations, which showed that the validity and reliability of the questionnaire were valid. The sampling method is a class size proportional to volume and the respondents were selected by simple random sampling. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, multiple regression, F test, and Kendal rankings. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 software. The findings of the research showed that the respondents' awareness of citizenrights in all components is more than average. Also, all independent variables of research on the use of mass media (0.291), public presence (0.33), social-economic base (2.59 F), and attitude toward citizen (0.68) have a significant relation with the level of awareness of citizenrights. . One of the best ways for people to be aware of the rights and duties of citizen the religious arena, and it is suggested that the attitude to the rights of citizens be converted into a religious view.
Ali PorFalahati; Majid Zargham Hajebi; Alireza AghaYosefi; , Mohamad Hosein Zarghami
Abstract
The aim of the current research was to conceptualize and analyze the structure of "genuine academic courage" in Iranian youth based on a qualitative study. In carrying out the research, the method of content analysis and data analysis was used in the colloquial way, as well as the procedural theory approach ...
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The aim of the current research was to conceptualize and analyze the structure of "genuine academic courage" in Iranian youth based on a qualitative study. In carrying out the research, the method of content analysis and data analysis was used in the colloquial way, as well as the procedural theory approach based on the method of analyzing small procedural spaces. The results led to the discovery of the true meaning of academic courage in the country's young generation, including the procedures: goal, answer areas, repetition and originality of the answer. According to this definition: the optimal behavior (resulting from the personality capacity) of the learner in the face of a traumatic academic challenge, to achieve a lofty goal, is called authentic academic courage. Also, the results showed: genuine academic courage can be considered as the best form of moral behavior in the field of education and one of the important indicators of evaluating the quality of students' performance based on their personality capacity. The obtained results, in addition to increasing the basic knowledge, the findings can be used in the preparation of tools for measuring the academic courage of learners, especially graduate students, as well as recruiting and cultivating effective and efficient human resources in educational environments with the aim of increasing the productivity of the higher education system.
amir taghizadeh; mohammadhoseyn banifatameh; tavakol aghayari hir
Abstract
Present study was conducted to examine the role of religiosity and social support in intergenerational attitudes toward the value of children and its related social context. The research method was survey-based, and the statistical population comprised all citizens over 18 years of age in Tabriz. According ...
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Present study was conducted to examine the role of religiosity and social support in intergenerational attitudes toward the value of children and its related social context. The research method was survey-based, and the statistical population comprised all citizens over 18 years of age in Tabriz. According to the latest 2021 census, this population numbered 2,755,358 individuals. Notably, the study was conducted comparatively between two generations: young and adult. The sample size was 300, selected through multi-stage cluster sampling.Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Statistical methods included descriptive analyses and inferential techniques such as Pearson’s correlation, multivariate regression, independent samples t-test, and one-way ANOVA (F-test).Findings indicate a strong, positive, and significant correlation (r = 0.637, p = 0.000) between religiosity and attitudes toward the value of children among the younger generation at the 99% confidence level. For the adult generation, the same relationship was weak but positive and significant (r = 0.187, p = 0.014) at the 95% confidence level. Regarding social support, a relatively strong, positive, and significant correlation (r = 0.308, p = 0.001) was found with attitudes toward child value among the younger generation at the 99% confidence level. Multivariate analysis further revealed that, for the younger generation, the combined independent variables (religiosity and social support) explained 42% of the variance in attitudes toward child value. For the adult generation, the independent variable entered into the model (religiosity) explained only 3% of the variance. An examination of contextual variables—specifically gender, marital status, and place of birth—demonstrated their significant role in shaping intergenerational attitudes. Gender and marital status were significant among the younger generation, while place of birth was significant among the adult generation.
Ehsan Askari karizi; Hossein Peymanizad; Hassan Fahim Devin; Mohammad Reza Esmaeilzadeh Ghandehari
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the pathology of the Iranian football planning system based on the characteristics of the governance structure. The present research is a descriptive survey research and has an applied nature. The statistical population of the study consists of all organizational human ...
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The aim of this study was to assess the pathology of the Iranian football planning system based on the characteristics of the governance structure. The present research is a descriptive survey research and has an applied nature. The statistical population of the study consists of all organizational human resources working in the Football Federation and Iranian football delegations, which are 865 people, which according to Morgan table, 206 people were evaluated by random cluster sampling. To identify the items related to interviewing experts and reviewing the theoretical foundations, the basic research tools were developed. The questionnaire was analyzed after determining the face and content validity by heuristic factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, Fortel Locker tests and structural equations. The findings showed that the characteristics of the governance structure are: factor 1 (damage to transparency), factor 2 (damage to teamwork), factor 3 (damage to human capital and stakeholders), factor 4 (damage to the democratic process), factor 5 (Selection and selection injuries), factor 6 (professional and ethical behavior injuries), factor 7 (control index injuries), factor 8 (feedback and accountability injuries). Based on this, it can be concluded that high-level managers should be selected based on ability, job competence, quality of work, leadership capacity, honesty and work experience, and experts in the field of sports law are attracted to the federation and programs are based on legal characteristics. International is moving forward.
Mohammad Hoseinpour; Seyed Mostafa Tayebisani; bagher morsel; Hooman Bahmanpour
Abstract
The purpose of the research is to measure the toxic elements and compounds in the flooring used in children's playgrounds and sports spaces. This research was applied and laboratory. Heavy elements, free monomer and hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds were measured. Vista Pro model ICP-OES and 1240 mini ...
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The purpose of the research is to measure the toxic elements and compounds in the flooring used in children's playgrounds and sports spaces. This research was applied and laboratory. Heavy elements, free monomer and hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds were measured. Vista Pro model ICP-OES and 1240 mini visible and ultraviolet spectrophotometer were used to measure the pollutants. The experiments were repeated three times and the weighted mean-time index (OEL-TWA) was used to determine the allowable exposure to chemical agents. Magnesium oxide with 6420 ppm had the highest and phosphorus pentaoxide with 60 ppm had the lowest amount of compounds. The highest amount of element belonged to the heavy metal zinc equal to 11080 ppm and the lowest amount belonged to zirconium with 1.50 ppm. Three contaminants of arsenic, uranium and chromium with "proven human carcinogenicity" were identified in the tatami floor structure. Silica has also been identified as a "contaminant suspected of carcinogenicity in humans." Three cases (lead, vanadium, and molybdenum) were identified as "confirmed carcinogenicity for animals with unknown association with humans" and 13 cases were classified as "unclassifiable as a human carcinogen." Some elements and compounds in the structure of sports flooring have a higher suffering than the standards and permissible exposure limits, which can affect the health of users and on the other hand, can be harmful to the environment.
Hamid karimi; Seyed Saeid Aghaei; Ali Baseri
Abstract
Hooliganism as one of the phenomena in football should be pursued more seriously. The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the cognitive-behavioral factors affecting post-soccer riots. In terms of applied purpose, the present study was mixed in terms of data collection method. The ...
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Hooliganism as one of the phenomena in football should be pursued more seriously. The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the cognitive-behavioral factors affecting post-soccer riots. In terms of applied purpose, the present study was mixed in terms of data collection method. The qualitative method used in the present study was single analysis. The statistical population of the present study included people aware of the subject of the study who according to the purposeful sampling method, 12 people were identified as the research sample. Sampling in this study continued until theoretical saturation was reached. The statistical population included a small number of spectators present in Iranian Premier League football. In order to analyze the data of the present study, open, axial and selective coding as well as structural equation method were used. The whole process of data analysis was performed in MaxQda, SPSS and PLS software. Data collection tools in the present study include interviews; the questionnaire was made by a researcher. According to the results, it was determined that the cognitive-behavioral factors affecting the Hooliganism after the football game include attitudinal, personality and individual aspects (cognitive factors) as well as cultural, environmental and social issues (behavioral factors). The results showed that among the identified factors, the cultural factor was identified as the most important factor with an impact of 0.919. Therefore, the results show that in order to reduce the Hooliganism after the football game, a comprehensive policy should be made in the direction of cultural transformation.
shahla rafie; Elham Moshkelgosha; ahmadreza askari
Abstract
The purpose of this study was Future Analysis of Women’s Health-Oriented Sports in Iran Using Causal Layered Analysis (CLA). The present research, from an inductive approach perspective, is fundamental in orientation, qualitative in data collection, futures studies in strategy, and part of the ...
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The purpose of this study was Future Analysis of Women’s Health-Oriented Sports in Iran Using Causal Layered Analysis (CLA). The present research, from an inductive approach perspective, is fundamental in orientation, qualitative in data collection, futures studies in strategy, and part of the complexity theory paradigm. The participants of this study consisted of experts and specialists from diverse fields such as sports science, sports sociology, sports psychology, nutrition, women's sports policy-making, and media. The sampling method was purposive, and 21 interviews were conducted based on theoretical saturation. The data were analyzed using the Causal Layered Analysis method. Causal Layered Analysis enables the analysis of topics across four layers—litany, discourse/worldview, and myth/metaphor—to uncover deep cultural and metaphorical roots. To develop future scenarios for women's health-oriented sports in Iran, the "Uncertainty Matrix" method was used. Two variables, "the level of support and investment in women's sports" and "the level of societal attitude change toward women's sports," were selected as the main axes of the matrix. This method, by presenting four possible combinations of these variables, allowed for the identification and analysis of different futures and the development of diverse scenarios. These scenarios include stagnation and inertia, gradual and limited progress, increasing gap and dissatisfaction, and sustainable development and flourishing of women's health-oriented sports. Subsequently, practical strategies to achieve the desired scenario (sustainable development and flourishing) were presented in six areas: economic, social, cultural, political, technological, and macro-level.
Siroos Ahmadi; mohammad Norian; ramin moradi; masomeh masodi
Abstract
Successes and failures of national football teams in the FIFA World Cup are potentially able to impact on psycho-social life of people. This research aims to examine the impact of Iran’s national football team results in the FIFA World Cup 2022 in Qatar on Iranian citizens’ hope. The research ...
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Successes and failures of national football teams in the FIFA World Cup are potentially able to impact on psycho-social life of people. This research aims to examine the impact of Iran’s national football team results in the FIFA World Cup 2022 in Qatar on Iranian citizens’ hope. The research was carried out using a one-group natural experiment with a pretest and three post-tests on 254 people in Yasouj. The measurement tool was the Adults Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS) prepared by Snyder (1991) whose psychometric properties has been approved in Iran. The results showed that citizens’ hope has decreased during different stages but it is not statistically significant. Based on the results, hope in the pathway dimension, has been statistically dropped after the defeat of Iran’s national football team in the FIFA World Cup. Given the effect of the sports national team's results on hope, the research concludes that by planning to obtain successful results in international tournaments can improve hope as a necessary need of the country to overcome some of the important problems of society.
Mahsa abdolmaleki; Behzad Izadi; Abed Mahmoudian; Mohammad Malaki
Abstract
The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the obstacles to the development of women's weightlifting in Iran. The research method was mixed and the participants included the officials of the federation, the officials of the provincial boards, coaches, referees and ...
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The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the obstacles to the development of women's weightlifting in Iran. The research method was mixed and the participants included the officials of the federation, the officials of the provincial boards, coaches, referees and female weightlifters, who were selected by the purposeful sampling method in the number of 14 people, and a semi-structured interview was conducted with them until theoretical saturation. In the qualitative part, from the theme analysis approach and the Atlas ti software, and in the quantitative part, for the weighting of the components, from the cause-effect relationship analysis method (DEMATEL) based on the data from the questionnaires of 8 participants. The qualitative part was used. The findings showed that the obstacles to the development of women's weightlifting in Iran include seven themes and 19 sub-themes; Weakness of development management (national level and provincial level), weakness of development resources (financial and support resources and facilities and equipment), weakness of development participation (talents and athletes, coaches and referees, enthusiasts and learners, specialists and sports activists and managers and experts), weakness of supporting processes development (knowledge and technology, training and empowerment, marketing and communication), weakness of development areas (basic and amateur weightlifting and championship and professional weightlifting), weakness of development support (supporting women's sports and supporting men's weightlifting) and the environment development challenges (social-cultural environment, sports environment and international environment). This study presents a comprehensive list of challenges and obstacles to the development of women's weightlifting in Iran.
Majid Nayeri; Mohsen Bagherian farahabadi,; Amir hushang Heidari; Mehdi , Emadi
Abstract
This study identifies key factors driving the future development of taekwondo in Iran. It also offers practical strategies to enhance the sport's success. Futures studies are crucial in sports, especially with rapid technological advancements. This research looks at what influences taekwondo's future ...
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This study identifies key factors driving the future development of taekwondo in Iran. It also offers practical strategies to enhance the sport's success. Futures studies are crucial in sports, especially with rapid technological advancements. This research looks at what influences taekwondo's future in Iran. Using qualitative methods, the study employs structural analysis through MICMAC software. Researchers collected data via questionnaires from 87 taekwondo experts, including champions, coaches, referees, and managers. Expert panel discussions also contributed to the findings. Ultimately, 17 key factors were identified and analyzed. The main influences on taekwondo's future in Iran include financial resources, standardised sports facilities, up-to-date technology, capable management, medal achievements, and international collaborations. The analysis shows that technology, management, and medal achievements have high impact but low dependency, making them essential input factors. Conversely, financial resources and sports facilities are risk factors, as changes here could significantly affect the system. Additionally, financial resources, sports facilities, and international positions are strategic components. The study concludes with practical recommendations: short term—securing financial resources and equipment; medium term—enhancing athlete awareness and coach development; long term—comprehensive development and promoting sports culture. This research serves as a roadmap for sports managers and the Iranian Taekwondo Federation in creating sustainable development strategies for the sport.
Mehdi Shahbazi; Masoumeh Doosti; Elham Hatami Shahmir; Sadegh Ranjbar; Saber Mehri
Abstract
Sports psychology services play a vital role in developing athletes' abilities and enhancing their performance. This research was conducted to examine the challenges and barriers to the development of sports psychology services in Iran and to propose practical solutions for improving this field. The ...
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Sports psychology services play a vital role in developing athletes' abilities and enhancing their performance. This research was conducted to examine the challenges and barriers to the development of sports psychology services in Iran and to propose practical solutions for improving this field. The target population of this study included professionals and experts in sports psychology, elite athletes, coaches, and sports managers in Iran. Data collection was carried out through with a total of 20 semi-structured interviews. The results indicated that the most significant challenges include a lack of awareness regarding the importance and services of sports psychology, a shortage of qualified specialists, inadequate educational programs, cultural limitations , a lack of financial support for psychological services, the absence of necessary infrastructure such as specialized centers and adequate facilities, , the costs associated with psychological services, the stigma associated with mental disability for athletes working with sports psychologists, the involvement of unqualified individuals, and limited access due to the concentration of services in specific geographic areas.Key solutions to address these challenges in developing sports psychology services in Iran include increasing awareness and educational efforts, developing infrastructure, providing financial and economic support, promoting a culture of consulting psychologists, strengthening collaboration among coaches, managers, and psychologists, conducting research and evaluation, and enhancing human resources. It is suggested that the Deputy for Professional and Elite Sports Development of the Ministry of Sports in collaboration with the National Olympic and Paralympic Committees take action to integrate sports psychology programs, synergize, and strengthen them.
Gholamreza Khoshfar; Bahman Tayyebi
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to identify the status of Iranian Islamic lifestyle model among athletes. research method in terms of purpose, applied; In terms of nature, it is mixed (qualitative and quantitative) and the field method was used to collect data. In the qualitative section, using the ...
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The purpose of this research was to identify the status of Iranian Islamic lifestyle model among athletes. research method in terms of purpose, applied; In terms of nature, it is mixed (qualitative and quantitative) and the field method was used to collect data. In the qualitative section, using the Delphi method, the opinions of 19 experts and specialists were collected in four stages of the dimensions and components of the Iranian Islamic lifestyle model in 2024. The population in the quantitative section included athletes aged 15-35 years who had been active in sports for at least three years. The statistical sample included 1968 athletes from the provinces of Isfahan, Tehran, Khuzestan, Kurdistan and Golestan, who were randomly selected. The measurement tool included a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity and reliability were confirmed based on confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For data analysis, statistical techniques were used according to the level of measurement of variables, and for data processing and analysis, special software packages (SPSS) were used for data analysis. The findings showed that Iranian Islamic lifestyle pattern of athletes has seven dimensions including material consumption pattern, cultural consumption pattern, health-oriented nutrition pattern, leisure time pattern, religiosity pattern, social identity pattern and social relations pattern. Three dimensions: health-oriented nutrition, religiosity and spending leisure time are lower than the expected (theoretical) level and four dimensions: material consumption, social relations, cultural consumption and social identity, are equal to or higher than the expected average level of the Iranian Islamic model. are located
Nima Hasanzadeh; Reza Ghasemi
Abstract
Objective:In the contemporary world, professional sports go beyond physical activity and are recognized as a tool for strengthening national identity and enhancing the soft power of nations. This study aims to investigate the impact of Iran's sports achievements on national pride, social unity, ...
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Objective:In the contemporary world, professional sports go beyond physical activity and are recognized as a tool for strengthening national identity and enhancing the soft power of nations. This study aims to investigate the impact of Iran's sports achievements on national pride, social unity, and cultural diplomacy.
Method:This qualitative research is based on descriptive phenomenology. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 22 experts in the fields of sports, culture, and politics. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method and MAXQDA software. Participants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling methods. The validity and reliability of the findings were evaluated using the criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Member checking, parallel analysis by researchers, and 86% inter-coder agreement ensured the trustworthiness of the findings.
Findings:The results reveal that sports play a significant role in strengthening Iran’s national identity and soft power. This role is explained through eight main themes: sports as a tool for national unity, a cultural and historical symbol, a cultural ambassador globally, hosting international events, structural and managerial challenges, opportunities for professional sports development, investment in infrastructure, and promotion of sportsmanship and ethical values.
Conclusion:The study concludes that sports not only foster social cohesion and national pride but also serve as an effective tool for cultural diplomacy and enhancing Iran’s international standing. Historically embedded in Iran’s socio-cultural context, sports can be utilized as a strategic means for developing the country’s soft power.
Farzad Ghafouri
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate innovations related to leisure-time physical activity in successful countries (Switzerland, Australia, Germany, Japan, Canada, England, and Qatar) for comparison and implementation in Iran. Using a qualitative-applied method and comparative approach, innovations ...
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The present study aimed to investigate innovations related to leisure-time physical activity in successful countries (Switzerland, Australia, Germany, Japan, Canada, England, and Qatar) for comparison and implementation in Iran. Using a qualitative-applied method and comparative approach, innovations were analyzed in four sectors: product/services, processes, management, and governance. The findings indicate ten product/service innovations including personalized coaching services, adventure parks, and shared clubs that help increase citizens' participation in physical activity; six process innovations including collaborative digital platforms and smart reservation systems that facilitate citizens' participation in physical activity; seven management innovations including integrated management of sports facilities and data-based management that can create fundamental transformation in the quality and quantity of physical activity programs; six governance innovations including the establishment of a Supreme Council for Physical Activity (integrated governance), sports space requirements law, and comprehensive and diverse programs that also improve policy-making effectiveness. This research, by presenting adaptable models, provides the ground for increasing citizens' participation in physical activities and improving public health.
farhad eghbalsefat ronaghi; Ali Mohammad Safania; Farideh Sharififar
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explain and predict the motivation to participate in recreational sports activities in Tehran. This research was conducted using a mixed method (qualitative-quantitative), the qualitative part of which was based on the Strauss and Corbin approach using grounded theory. In ...
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The aim of this study was to explain and predict the motivation to participate in recreational sports activities in Tehran. This research was conducted using a mixed method (qualitative-quantitative), the qualitative part of which was based on the Strauss and Corbin approach using grounded theory. In the qualitative part, the research strategy was exploratory and conducted through interviews with experts (cultural, artistic, and sports managers). The results showed that the causal conditions variable can strongly explain and predict the motivation to participate in sports activities. The statistical interpretation of this issue is that by changing one unit in the causal conditions, it is expected that 0.0984 units of change in motivation to participate in sports activities will occur. Also, the contextual conditions variable is able to explain and predict the motivation to participate in sports activities on average, and it is predicted that by changing one unit in the contextual conditions, 0.518 units of change in motivation to participate in sports activities will occur.
Hosein Zareian; Fatemeh Saeedi; Mohammad Hosein Ghorbani
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the historical performance of the Islamic Republic of Iran's delegation in the Summer Olympic Games (1948–2024) and to conduct a comparative evaluation with selected Asian countries. The research follows a descriptive–analytical approach using quantitative methods. ...
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This study aims to analyze the historical performance of the Islamic Republic of Iran's delegation in the Summer Olympic Games (1948–2024) and to conduct a comparative evaluation with selected Asian countries. The research follows a descriptive–analytical approach using quantitative methods. In the first phase, Iran’s Olympic performance was categorized and assessed in four historical periods: the formative phase, the post-revolution phase, the growth and prosperity phase, and the recent phase of relative stability. Findings reveal that Iran’s trajectory, while marked by fluctuations, indicates a gradual upward trend in variables such as the number of participating athletes, sports disciplines, and total medals earned. In the second phase, Iran's performance was compared with 12 selected Asian countries. Results show that Iran, with a total of 88 medals, ranks fourth in Asia and 39th globally. However, the top three Asian countries (China, Japan, and South Korea) have significantly outpaced others through focused strategies, large-scale investments, and specialization in specific disciplines. Countries at a similar level to Iran, such as Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, are also progressing via structural reforms. Sustained progress for Iran requires diversification in medal-winning disciplines, infrastructure development, and strategic policy reform in elite sports.
Rezvan Kavyaniniya; Adel Afkhar; Mojid Solimani
Abstract
The current research was carried out with the aim of identifying the factors influencing the decision on the exit of risky investors in sports start-ups. The research method was of a mixed type (qualitative-quantitative) and the qualitative part of it was done in the form of Glazer's emergent approach. ...
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The current research was carried out with the aim of identifying the factors influencing the decision on the exit of risky investors in sports start-ups. The research method was of a mixed type (qualitative-quantitative) and the qualitative part of it was done in the form of Glazer's emergent approach. The statistical population in the qualitative section included people who are aware of the research topic, and according to the purposeful selection, the number of 13 people was determined as a sample. Also, in the quantitative part of this research, all active people in the field of sports start-up were included. These people included managers, owners and entrepreneurs of successful sports startups in Iran. In order to analyze the data, AHP coding and ranking was used. The results showed that a total of 2 factors including positive and negative factors affecting the decision on the exit of risky investors in sports start-ups were identified. According to the results, it was determined that the factor of improving the credibility of sports start-ups at the market level with a normal score of 0.170 is the most important positive factor on the decision on the exit of risky investors in sports start-ups. According to the results, it was determined that the investor's disappointment in achieving the success of sports start-ups with a normal score of 0.162 is the most important negative factor on the decision on the exit of risky investors in sports start-ups. With this in mind,
